OpenSUSE15.4 ; Initialization

Contents

1. Using su command
2. Modernize the system
3. locate Install
4. Services suspended due to security measures
5. Vim
- 5.1. Install
- 5.2. Setting
6. Network Settings
- Host name and static IP address settings
- IPv6 invalidate

1. Using su command

Not required if root password is set at the time of installation
If you set a root password, set it as follows
Log in as a general user

suse@localhost:~>sudo passwd root
[sudo] password for root:<login user password>
New password:　　<Password for the new root user to be set>
Retype new password:
passwd: passwd: password updated successfully
suse@localhost:~>

suse@localhost:~>sudo passwd root

[sudo] password for root:<login user password>

New password:　　<Password for the new root user to be set>

Retype new password:

passwd: passwd: password updated successfully

suse@localhost:~>

suse@localhost:~>su –
Password: <Password for root user set above>
localhost:~ #

suse@localhost:~>su –

Password: <Password for root user set above>

localhost:~ #

2. Modernize the system

To modernize the system, enter the following command

# zypper -n update && reboot

1	# zypper -n update && reboot

3. locate Install

The find command is used to search for a specific file on the entire Linux system, but find's options are somewhat confusing.
In such cases, it is useful to have the locate command available, which can extract all files with a given filename

Install

# zypper -n install mlocate

1	# zypper -n install mlocate

Create database

# updatedb

1	# updatedb

Example of executing the locate command

# locate sshd
etc/pam.d/sshd
/etc/ssh/sshd_config
/etc/sysconfig/SuSEfirewall2.d/services/sshd
/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/sshd.service
/usr/lib/systemd/system/sshd.service
/usr/lib/sysusers.d/sshd.conf
/usr/lib64/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/ruby-augeas-0.5.0/tests/root/etc/ssh/sshd_config
/usr/sbin/rcsshd
/usr/sbin/sshd
/usr/sbin/sshd-gen-keys-start
/usr/share/YaST2/scrconf/etc_ssh_sshd_config.scr
/usr/share/apparmor/extra-profiles/usr.sbin.sshd
/usr/share/augeas/lenses/dist/sshd.aug
/usr/share/man/man5/sshd_config.5.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/sshd.8.gz
/usr/share/vim/vim80/syntax/sshdconfig.vim
/var/lib/sshd

# locate sshd

etc/pam.d/sshd

/etc/ssh/sshd_config

/etc/sysconfig/SuSEfirewall2.d/services/sshd

/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/sshd.service

/usr/lib/systemd/system/sshd.service

/usr/lib/sysusers.d/sshd.conf

/usr/lib64/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/ruby-augeas-0.5.0/tests/root/etc/ssh/sshd_config

/usr/sbin/rcsshd

/usr/sbin/sshd

/usr/sbin/sshd-gen-keys-start

/usr/share/YaST2/scrconf/etc_ssh_sshd_config.scr

/usr/share/apparmor/extra-profiles/usr.sbin.sshd

/usr/share/augeas/lenses/dist/sshd.aug

/usr/share/man/man5/sshd_config.5.gz

/usr/share/man/man8/sshd.8.gz

/usr/share/vim/vim80/syntax/sshdconfig.vim

/var/lib/sshd

4. Services suspended due to security measures

Services that are considered unnecessary are stopped and kept stopped after rebooting

# systemctl stop auditd.service
# systemctl disable auditd.service
# systemctl stop mdmonitor.service
# systemctl disable mdmonitor.service
# systemctl stop smartd.service
# systemctl disable smartd.service
# systemctl stop tuned.service
# systemctl disable tuned.service
# systemctl stop dm-event.socket
# systemctl disable dm-event.socket

# systemctl stop auditd.service

# systemctl disable auditd.service

# systemctl stop mdmonitor.service

# systemctl disable mdmonitor.service

# systemctl stop smartd.service

# systemctl disable smartd.service

# systemctl stop tuned.service

# systemctl disable tuned.service

# systemctl stop dm-event.socket

# systemctl disable dm-event.socket

5. Vim

5.1. Install

No official repositories are available, so repositories are introduced from the community.

# zypper addrepo https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:Wolfheri/15.4/home:Wolfheri.repo
# zypper refresh
# zypper install vim-9.0.0381-lp154.759.1.x86_64

# zypper addrepo https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:Wolfheri/15.4/home:Wolfheri.repo

# zypper refresh

# zypper install vim-9.0.0381-lp154.759.1.x86_64

5.2. Setting

①Apply command aliases as your own user-specific environment

# vi ~/.bashrc
# Alias appended to the last line
alias vi='vim'

# vi ~/.bashrc

# Alias appended to the last line

alias vi='vim'

# Reflects changes

# source ~/.bashrc

1	# source ~/.bashrc

②Vim configuration
Apply to individual users. If you want to apply it to all users, put it in "/etc/vimrc".

# vi ~/.vimrc
" Use vim's own extensions (not compatible with vi)
set nocompatible
" Specify character code
set encoding=utf-8
" Specify file encoding
set fileencodings=utf-8,iso-2022-jp,sjis,euc-jp
" Specify the line feed code to be automatically recognized
set fileformats=unix,dos
" Obtain a backup
"The opposite is[ set nobackup ]
set backup
" Specify the directory from which to obtain backups
set backupdir=~/backup
" Specify the directory from which to obtain backups
set backupdir=~/backup
" Number of generations to keep search history
set history=50
" Do not distinguish between upper and lower case letters when searching
set ignorecase
" Mixing capital letters in search terms makes the search case sensitive
set smartcase
" Highlight words matching your search term
"The opposite is[ set nohlsearch ]
set hlsearch
" Use incremental search
"The opposite is [ set noincsearch ]
set incsearch
" Display line numbers
"The opposite is [ set nonumber ]
set number
" Visualize line breaks ( $ ) and tabs ( ^I )
set list
" Highlight corresponding parentheses when typing parentheses
set showmatch
" No newlines at the end of files
set binary noeol
"Enable automatic indentation
"The opposite is [ noautoindent ]
set autoindent
" Color-coded display by syntax
"The opposite is [ syntax off ]
syntax on
"Change color of comment text in case of [ syntax on ]
highlight Comment ctermfg=LightCyan
" Wrap lines by window width
"The opposite is [ set nowrap ]
set wrap

# vi ~/.vimrc

" Use vim's own extensions (not compatible with vi)

set nocompatible

" Specify character code

set encoding=utf-8

" Specify file encoding

set fileencodings=utf-8,iso-2022-jp,sjis,euc-jp

" Specify the line feed code to be automatically recognized

set fileformats=unix,dos

" Obtain a backup

"The opposite is[ set nobackup ]

set backup

" Specify the directory from which to obtain backups

set backupdir=~/backup

" Specify the directory from which to obtain backups

set backupdir=~/backup

" Number of generations to keep search history

set history=50

" Do not distinguish between upper and lower case letters when searching

set ignorecase

" Mixing capital letters in search terms makes the search case sensitive

set smartcase

" Highlight words matching your search term

"The opposite is[ set nohlsearch ]

set hlsearch

" Use incremental search

"The opposite is [ set noincsearch ]

set incsearch

" Display line numbers

"The opposite is [ set nonumber ]

set number

" Visualize line breaks ( $ ) and tabs ( ^I )

set list

" Highlight corresponding parentheses when typing parentheses

set showmatch

" No newlines at the end of files

set binary noeol

"Enable automatic indentation

"The opposite is [ noautoindent ]

set autoindent

" Color-coded display by syntax

"The opposite is [ syntax off ]

syntax on

"Change color of comment text in case of [ syntax on ]

highlight Comment ctermfg=LightCyan

" Wrap lines by window width

"The opposite is [ set nowrap ]

set wrap

6. Network Settings

Host name and static IP address settings

・Changed host name to Lepard
・Fixed IP address (192.168.11.83)

First, find out the name of your network interface with the following command
This time it is "eth0"

# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:69:61:da brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    altname enp2s1
    altname ens33
    inet 192.168.11.17/24 brd 192.168.11.255 scope global eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe69:61da/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

# ip addr

1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

inet6 ::1/128 scope host

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:69:61:da brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

altname enp2s1

altname ens33

inet 192.168.11.17/24 brd 192.168.11.255 scope global eth0

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe69:61da/64 scope link

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

In most cases, the router's address is "192.168.11.1", "192.168.0.1.", and so on.
We will use "192.168.11.1" as an example.

# yast

# yast

Select "System" → "Network Settings" in the initial yast menu.

"Network Settings" →　"OverView" 　→　 "Edit"

"Network Card Setup" 　"Statically Assigned IP Address" check
IP Address : 192.168.11.83
Subnet Mask : /24
Hostname : Lepard

””Network Settings"　"Hostname/DNS"
Set Hostname via DHCP : no
Name Server 1 : 192.168.11.1(Router Address)

””Network Settings"　"Routing"
Enable IPv4 Fowarding : check
GatewayGateway : 192.168.11.1(Router Address)

IPv6 invalidate

# vi /etc/default/grub

# Line12： 
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="ipv6.disable=1"

# vi /etc/default/grub

# Line12：

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="ipv6.disable=1"

# Reflects changes

# grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
Generating grub configuration file ...
Found theme: /boot/grub2/themes/openSUSE/theme.txt
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-5.14.21-150400.24.18-default
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd-5.14.21-150400.24.18-default
Warning: os-prober will be executed to detect other bootable partitions.
Its output will be used to detect bootable binaries on them and create new boot entries.
done

# grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg

Generating grub configuration file ...

Found theme: /boot/grub2/themes/openSUSE/theme.txt

Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-5.14.21-150400.24.18-default

Found initrd image: /boot/initrd-5.14.21-150400.24.18-default

Warning: os-prober will be executed to detect other bootable partitions.

Its output will be used to detect bootable binaries on them and create new boot entries.

done

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