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MiracleLinuxMIRACLE LINUX is a Japanese Linux distribution provided by Cybertrust Corporation.Miracle Linux (now Cybertrust), established by Oracle Japan and NEC in June 2000, began development of Oracle Database for business and enterprise use with the aim of ensuring stable operation.It has been based on RHEL since Version 2.0 released in May 2001, and has been a full RHEL clone since Version 6.0 released in January 2012, with the latest version being 8.4 as of December 2021.MIRACLE LINUX, the famous domestic RHEL clone, was initially a commercial OS with a paid license, but following the termination of CnetOS8, it was announced that it would be offered free of charge starting with the latest 8.4.The current distribution is Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 9 compatible with the latest version 9.0 released on November 1, 2022.Like RHEL9, MIRACLE LINUX 9 is based on Linux kernel 5.14. In addition to version upgrades to major packages such as OpenSSL, MIRACLE LINUX 9 offers mainly enhanced security-related features such as improved SELinux performance and secure boot support.Package updates and security patches will be provided free of charge until November 2032.

chkrootkit①Download and install chkrootkit# cd /usr/local/src# wget ftp://ftp.chkrootkit.org/pub/seg/pac/chkrootkit.tar.gz# tar xvf chkrootkit.tar.gz➁Create /root/bin directory and move chkrootkit command to that directory# mkdir -p /root/bin# mv chkrootkit-0.58b/chkrootkit /root/bin➂Check chkrootkit.Logwatch①Install # dnf install logwatch②Edit configuration file

Snort3 InstallSnort is an open source network intrusion detection system capable of performing real-time traffic analysis and packet logging on IP networks.It can perform "protocol analysis," "content search," and "matching," and can be used to detect a variety of attacks, including "buffer overflows," "stealth port scans," "CGI attacks," "SMB probes," "OS fingerprinting attempts," "semantic URL attacks," and "server message block probes.MiracleLinux8 does not have a Snort3 repository, so build, compile and install Snort3 from source code1. Advance preparation①Install required build tools and libraries

1.Obtain an SSL certificate ( Let's Encrypt )Install the latest open ssl# dnf install openssl-devel1.1 advance preparation1.Package management system Snappy installedSince the SSL certificate issuing tool "certbot" of Let's Encrypt is recommended to be installed using "snap" after 2021, install Snapd first.(Can also be installed the traditional way with dnf or yum)2. Converting Apache to httpsInstall the following just in case# dnf -y install mod_ssl3. SSL/TLS (Let's Encrypt) settings on the mail server3.1 Obtaining a certificate for the mail serverObtain a certificate for the mail server, but it cannot be obtained in the same way as above, so the following with the "--standalone" option fails.

Clamav (anti-virus software)Install1.Clamav install# dnf -y install clamav clamd clamav-update2.Clam AntiVirus  Configuration File EditMail Server Install1. Postfix1.1 InstallInstall Postfix and build an SMTP server2.Dovecot2.1 dovecot install# dnf -y install dovecot2.2 Edit dovecot.conf fileMail Server : Postfix + Clamav + Amavisd+SpamAssassin1.Real-time scanning of e-mails①Install Amavisd and Clamav Server

1.Apache2 Install , Virtual Host Configuration1.1 Apache2 install①httpd install# dnf -y install httpd1.3 Virtual Host SettingsAssign and configure the domain name [miracle.korodes.com] to the document root [/var/www/html/miracle.korodes.com] directory for virtual host operation2. Use of CGI Scripts①CGI availability check3. PHP installation and configuration1.PHP8 Install4. Digest authentication with Apache2Since Basic Authentication, a well-known authentication authorization method for http, sends authentication information in plain text, there is a risk of ID and password leakage if the packet is intercepted.On the other hand, Digest Authentication encrypts and transmits authentication informa

1.FTP Server1. 1 Vsftpd Install# dnf -y install vsftpd1.2 Configure VsftpdSave the unedited vsftpd.conf with .bak3. File server installation with SambaBuild a file server with access rights that requires user authentication with Samba.Installation Procedure①Create shared folders with access rights that require user authentication②Accessible group creation③Creation of users belonging to accessible groups④Configuration File Editing

SSH connection with authentication using public key cryptographyCreation of public and private key pairsCreate a public/private key pair for a user connecting to the Linux server using OpenSSH.Use ssh-keygen to create key pairs.Creation of public/private key pairs is performed with remote login user privileges.If you do not specify the destination and file name, id_ed25519 and id_eed25519.pub will be created in /home/(user name)/.ssh/. On the way, enter the password for the key.

1.Setting up SSH remote connectionSSH is a service to connect to a server remotely, and is basically running right after the OS installation, but the default settings are somewhat insecure.In this section, we will configure the settings to change the default settings and increase the security of the ssh connection.1.1 Change the configuration file of SSH service.The configuration file for the SSH service is "/etc/ssh/sshd_config". Open the configuration file with vi editor

1.Disabling SELinuxFirst, disable selinux. selinux is a feature that improves auditing and security in Linux, but when enabled, it places considerable restrictions on the behavior of services and on what can be configured. Therefore, it is basically disabled in many cases.SELinux Operation ModeEnforcing : SELinux functionality is enabled and access control is enabledPermissive : SElinux will warn, but no access restrictions will be placeddisabled : Both SElinux function and access control are disabled

MiracleLinuxMIRACLE LINUX is a Japanese Linux distribution provided by Cybertrust Corporation. It has been based on RHEL since Version 2.0 released in May 2001, and has been a complete RHEL clone since Version 6.0 released in January 2012. The latest version is 9.2, released on October 05, 2023, but can be installed just like 9.0.MIRACLE LINUX, a well-known domestic RHEL clone, was initially a commercial OS with a paid license, but following the demise of CnetOS8, it was announced that it would be offered free of charge starting with the latest 8.4. Therefore, MIRACLE LINUX is currently in the limelight as a candidate for migration from CentOS8 and CentOS Stream9.

1.Website data backup1-1.Backup under /var/www/html①Create backup script file# cd /var/www/system# vi backup_html.sh2.MySQL database backup①Create backup script file# cd /var/www/system# vi db_my_backup.sh3.Restore backup files under html①Store HTML backup files in "/ (root)" directory4.Restore Mysql backup file①Save the database backup file to any directory and（In the example, the directory is "/var/www/backup/db_bak".）Extracting data

Tripwire1. Download & Install# cd /usr/local/src# wget https://rpmfind.net/linux/epel/9/Everything/x86_64/Packages/t/tripwire-2.4.3.7-16.el9.x86_64.rpm# rpm -Uvh tripwire-2.4.3.7-16.el9.x86_64.rpm2. Passphrase settingLogwatch①Install# dnf install logwatch②Edit configuration fileIntroduce disk usage check script2.1 Script Creation# cd /var/www/system# vi disk_capacity_check.sh

Snort3Snort is an open source network intrusion detection system capable of performing real-time traffic analysis and packet logging on IP networks。It can perform “protocol analysis,” “content search,” and “matching,” and can be used to detect various attacks such as “buffer overflows,” “stealth port scans,” “CGI attacks,” “SMB probes,” “OS fingerprinting attempts,” “semantic URL attacks,” and “server message block probes. The system can be used to detect a variety of attacks, such as