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2022-10

Debian11.5 Building a server

Debian11.5 ; Initialization

1. Installing and configuring the vim editorDebian has "nano" as the default editor. nano is somewhat difficult to use, and there are few environments where it is used, so we will introduce the procedure for changing the editor to "vim".。1.1 Check vim packageDebian has vim installed by default, but it is a package called "vim-tiny", which is a less functional version. Let's check the installed vim package.Debian uses the "dpkg" command to check packages. The "-l" option displays a list of packages.Since the "dpkg" command as is will show all packages installed on the system, we will use the "grep" command to extract only those packages that contain the string "vim". Execute as follows
2022.10.05
Debian11.5 Building a server
Debian11.5 Building a server

Debian11.5 ; OS Install

1.Debian11 OverviewIn this article, we will explain how to build a server with Debian, the basis of the user-friendly Linux distribution UBUNTU.The latest release is Debian 11.5 (codenamed "bullseye").Released on August 14, 2021 with an update (point release11.5) on September 10, 2022.2.Download Debian installation imageDebian11 download site https://www.debian.org/Access the above official website and download "debian-11.5.0-amd64-netinst.iso." which is convenient for setup in an environment connected to the Internet.（Fits on a single CD）NETINST allows you to download and install the necessary packages from the Internet, so you can use a smaller installer (approximately 391 MB for v11.5.0) than a full installer.Click through the following screens in order.
2022.10.05
Debian11.5 Building a server
fedora36_en

Fedora36 ; Logwatch , DiCE Install

Logwatch Introduction①Install# dnf install logwatch②Edit configuration fileInstalling DiCEWhenever the global IP changes, which happens when the network is disconnected or the router is disconnected and rebooted, the dynamic DNS must be accessed to inform the user that the global IP has changed. DiCE does this automatically!①Download and install Dice
2022.10.19
fedora36_en
fedora36_en

Fedora36 ; OS Install

What is Fedora?Fedora is an open source operating system software, a Linux distribution.The project started as a successor to Red Hat Linux, whose development was terminated at the end of 2003.It is unique in that it is community-driven, proactively incorporates feedback from the field, and introduces advanced, flexible, and advanced features.The most obvious difference when compared to popular Linux distributions such as "Ubuntu" is the balance between "advanced" and "stable".However, its stability has now been greatly improved, and it is gaining a reputation as an OS that can be used regularly, not just for functional testing purposes.For those who want to incorporate new and useful features as soon as possible, Fedora will be the best choice.However, it should not be used as a production environment or corporate need.In this case, we will use the latest Fedora 36 Server, released May 10, 2022.
2022.10.16
fedora36_en
Debian11.5 Building a server

Debian11.5 ; WEB Server(Apache) Install

Web server Apache2 installationAllow http:80 and https:443 ports in UFW before installation# ufw allow http# ufw allow https# ufw reload1 Apache2 Installation and ConfigurationApache2 Install3. Apache2; Using Perl ScriptsEnable CGI to make Perl scripts available4 Apache2 : Using PHP Scripts①Install PHP# apt -y install php php-cgi libapache2-mod-php php-common php-pear php-mbstring5. Virtual Host SettingsCopy the default configuration file (file name is arbitrary, in this case vhost-yourdomain.conf as an example) and configure the virtual host
2022.10.05
Debian11.5 Building a server
Debian11.5 Building a server

Debian11.5 ; SNORT2 , Tripwire Install

1.Install SNORT2Snort is an open source network intrusion detection system capable of performing real-time traffic analysis and packet logging on IP networks.It can perform "protocol analysis," "content search," and "matching," and can be used to detect a variety of attacks, including "buffer overflows," "stealth port scans," "CGI attacks," "SMB probes," "OS fingerprinting attempts," "semantic URL attacks," and "server message block probes.2.Install TripwireImplement a system to detect file tampering on Linux servers by crackers.This time, Tripwire, a host-based IDS (IDS=Intrusion Detection System), will be installed as the file tampering detection system.Tripwire creates a database of file status at the time of installation, and detects file additions/changes/deletions by comparing the database with the current status of the file.
2022.10.07
Debian11.5 Building a server
Debian11.5 Building a server

Debian11.5 ; System Backup and Restore

1. System Backup1.1 Backup under /var/www/html①　Create backup_all.sh script under /opt1.2 Mysql database backup①Create db_backup.sh script under /opt# vi /opt/db_backup.shdb_backup.sh script contents2. System Restore2.1 Restore backup files under HTML① Store HTML backup files used for backup in the "/ (root)" directorySelect the backup file with the latest timestamp (e.g. www_back_20220501.tar.gz)2.2 Restore MySQL database①Save DB backup file to any directory and extract data# cd /var/www/backup/db_bak
2022.10.07
Debian11.5 Building a server
Debian11.5 Building a server

Debian11.5 ; Let's Encrypt WEB , Mail Server SSL

1. Obtain a certificate (Let's Encrypt)1.1 advance preparation①Enable mod_ssl# a2enmod ssl2. SSL/TLS (Let's Encrypt) configuration for Apache2①Edit Apache2 SSL-related configuration files3. SSL/TLS (Let's Encrypt) settings on the mail server3.1 Obtaining a certificate for the mail serverObtain a certificate for the mail server, but it cannot be obtained in the same way as above, so the following with the "--standalone" option fails.
2022.10.06
Debian11.5 Building a server
fedora36_en

Fedora36 ; Various settings after installation

1. SELinux DisableFirst, disable selinux. selinux is a feature that improves auditing and security in Linux, but when enabled, it can limit the behavior of services and the configuration considerably.Therefore, it is basically invalidated in many cases.You can disable it by doing the following2. System modernization & Services suspended due to security measures3.Network Settings3.1 Set host nameSet the hostname to "Lepard" since the hostname was not set during OS installation.4.Install NTP server and set up time synchronization service4.1 Chrony Install5.Set server time zoneSet time zone to Japan (Tokyo)
2022.10.16
fedora36_en
Almalinux9.1_en

AlmaLinux 9.1 ; System Backup and Restore

1.Website data backup1-1.Backup under /var/www/html①Create backup script file# cd /var/www/system# vi backup_html.sh2.MySQL database backup①Create backup script file# cd /var/www/system# vi db_my_backup.sh3.Restore backup files under html①Store HTML backup files in "/ (root)" directory4.Restore Mysql backup file①Save the database backup file to any directory and（In the example, the directory is "/var/www/backup/db_bak".）Extracting data
2022.10.31
Almalinux9.1_en
Debian11.5 Building a server

Debian11.5 ; MySQL8 , WordPress Install

1. Install MySQL 81. 1 InstallThe MySQL team provides the official MySQL PPA for Debian Linux. After downloading and installing the package on your Debian system, the PPA file will be added to your system. To enable the PPA, run the following command1.2. MySQL Server Security SettingsRun the tool mysql_secure_installation to configure security-related settings for the MySQL server.Once executed, several security settings are initiated in the form of questions. First, you will be asked if you want to use a plugin for password validation as follows2.Install WordPress2.1 Database CreationCreate a database for Word Press (for example, in this case, the database name is "wp_db", the user name is "wp_user", and the password is "?Y123456y")2.2 Wordpress Download and Installation①Download and Deployment
2022.10.07
Debian11.5 Building a server
Debian11.5 Building a server

Debian11.5 ; SSH connection using public key cryptography

RSA SSH connection with authentication using public key cryptographyCreate public and private key pairsCreate a public/private key pair for a user connecting to a Linux server using OpenSSH.Use ssh-keygen to create the key pair.This time, we will create a key set using the RSA cipher used in the SSH protocol Version 2.The creation of a public/private key pair is performed with remote login user privileges (e.g., huong).If you do not specify the destination and file name, id_rsa and id_rsa.pub will be created in /home/huong/.ssh/. On the way, enter the password for the key.
2022.10.05
Debian11.5 Building a server
fedora36_en

Fedora36 ; System Backup and Restore

Web configuration file (under html) backup①Create backup script file# cd /var/www/system/# vi html_backup.shContents of html_backup.shMySQL database backup①Create backup script fileWeb configuration file (under html) restored① Copy the HTML backup file to the "/ (root)" directory of the server to be used for restorationRestore MySQL data① Save database backup file to any directory
2022.10.20
fedora36_en
fedora36_en

Fedora36 ; SSL Certificate ( Let's Encrypt ) , Apache ・Mail Server SSL

1.Obtain SSL Certificate ( Let's Encrypt )Install the latest open ssl# dnf install openssl-devel2. Apache SSLInstall the following just in case# dnf -y install mod_ssl3.Mail SSL/TLS(Let's Encrypt)3.1 Obtaining a certificate for the mail serverObtain a certificate for the mail server, but it cannot be obtained in the same way as above, so the following with the "--standalone" option fails.
2022.10.19
fedora36_en
fedora36_en

Fedora36 ; Mysql8 , WordPress Install

Mysql8 installation＃dnf module -y install mysql:8.0＃vi /etc/my.cnf.d/charset.cnfCreate a new charset.cnf with the following contents# Set default character encoding# To handle 4-byte characters such as pictographs, use [utf8mb4].[mysqld]character-set-server = utf8mb4[client]default-character-set = utf8mb4WordPress Installation1. Create a database for WordPressAs an example, assume database [wp_db] database user [wp_user] password [?W123456]
2022.10.18
fedora36_en
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