nuy | Page 9 | Linux Server Construction

OracleLinux9.4 ; MySQL8 , WordPress

MySQL8 Install＃ dnf -y install mysql-servercharset.cnf Create a new one with the fWordPress Install1. Create database for Word PressAs an example, assume database [wp_db] database user [wp_user] password [?W123456]

2024.08.30

OracleLinux9.4_en

OracleLinux9.4 ; SSH Remote connection , Firewalld , NTP Server

1. Setting up a remote connection via SSHSSH is a service for connecting remotely to a server and is basically running immediately after the OS is installed, but the default settings are somewhat insecure.Here we will configure the default settings to increase the security of SSH connections.1.1 SSH service configuration file changesThe SSH service configuration file is "/etc/ssh/sshd_config".2. Firewall (Firewalld) settingsIn Oracle, the firewall is firewalld configured by default and enabled during OS installation.To briefly explain "firewalld," when setting communication control policies, communication permission/blocking rules are applied to predefined zones, and these zones are then assigned to each NIC (network adapter).3. Remote connection from WindowsConfiguration in WindowsStart the setup for remote connection from Windows, using "Tera Term" as the terminal emulator.Start Tera Term, cancel the startup screen, and then select "New Connection" from "File" in the Tera Term menu.

2024.08.28

OracleLinux9.4_en

OracleLinux9.4 ; OS INSTALL 、Initialization

OracleLinux9.4Oracle Linux provides a 100% application binary compatible alternative to Red Hat Enterprise Linux and CentOS Linux for both hybrid and multi-cloud environments.Since 2006, Oracle Linux has been completely free to download and use. Source code, binaries and updates are provided free of charge. It is freely redistributable. Free for use in production environments.We will proceed with the latest Oracle Linux 9.4 (released May 15, 2024).１．Oracle Linux9.4 DownloadDownload the Oracle Linux 9.4 installation image (OracleLinux-R9-U4-x86_64-dvd.iso ) from the following sitehttps://yum.oracle.com/oracle-linux-isos.html2．Oracle Linux 9.4 InstallInstall USB media, change BIOS settings to boot from USB media, and install.

2024.08.27

OracleLinux9.4_en

Debian12.8 ; OS installation and initial configuration

1.Debian12In this article, we will explain how to build a server with Debian, the basis of the user-friendly Linux distribution UBUNTU. The latest is Debian 12 (codenamed “bookworm”) (released on June 10, 2023), a point-release version of Debian 12.8 (released on November 9, 2024) with bug fixes and security updates.See below for Miscellaneous Bugfixes and Security Updates.https://www.debian.org/News/2024/20241109

2024.11.14

Debian12.8_en

Debian12.8 ; SSH connection using public key cryptography

Create a key pairCreate a public/private key pair for a user connecting to a Linux server using OpenSSH.Use ssh-keygen to create the key pair.The creation of a public/private key pair must be done as a user with remote login privileges.If you do not specify the destination and file name, id_ed25519 and id_ed25519.pub will be created in /home/(user name)/.ssh/. On the way, enter the password for the key.

2024.11.15

Debian12.8_en

Debian12.8 ; FTP Server , NTP Server

1. Install a time synchronization service NTP server# apt -y install chrony# vi /etc/chrony/chrony.conf# Lines 20-23.：Comment the default settings and add the NTP server for your time zone.#pool ntp.ubuntu.com iburst maxsources 4#pool 0.ubuntu.pool.ntp.org iburst maxsources 1#pool 1.ubuntu.pool.ntp.org iburst maxsources 1#pool 2.ubuntu.pool.ntp.org iburst maxsources 2

2024.11.16

Debian12.8_en

Debian12.8 ; WEB Server(Apache) , Digest authentication

Web server Apache2 installationAllow http:80 and https:443 ports in UFW before installation3. Apache2; Using Perl ScriptsEnable CGI to make Perl scripts available①Install Perl4 Apache2 : Using PHP Scripts①Install PHP5. Virtual Host SettingsCopy the default configuration file (file name is arbitrary, in this case vhost-yourdomain.conf as an example) and configure the virtual host6. Digest authentication with Apache2Since Basic Authentication, a well-known authentication authorization method for http, sends authentication information in plain text, there is a risk of ID and password leakage if the packet is intercepted.On the other hand, Digest Authentication encrypts and transmits authentication information, so there is almost no risk of information leakage.

2024.11.17

Debian12.8_en

Debian12.8 ; Let's Encrypt, WEB/Mail Server SSL

1. Obtain a certificate(Let's Encrypt)1.1 advance preparation1.Enable mod_ssl# a2enmod ssl2.Package management system Snappy installedLet's Encrypt's SSL certificate issuing tool "certbot" is recommended to be installed using "snap" after 2021, so install Snapd first.2. SSL/TLS (Let's Encrypt) configuration for Apache2①Edit Apache2 SSL-related configuration fileshoge.com-ssl in hoge.com-ssl.conf is an arbitrary name3. SSL/TLS (Let's Encrypt) settings on the mail server3.1 Obtaining a certificate for the mail serverObtain a certificate for the mail server, but it cannot be obtained in the same way as above, so the following with the "--standalone" option fails.

2024.11.18

Debian12.8_en

Debian12.8 ; System Backup & Restore

1. System Backup1.1 Backup under /var/www/html①　Create backup_all.sh script under /opt/script1.2 MariaDB database backup①Create db_backup.sh script under /opt/script# vi /opt/script/db_backup.shdb_backup.sh script contents2. System Restore2.1 Restore backup files under HTML① Store HTML backup files used for backup in the "/ (root)" directorySelect the backup file with the latest timestamp (e.g. www_back_20220501.tar.gz)2.2 Restore MariaDB database①Save DB backup file to any directory and extract data# cd /var/www/backup/db_bak

2024.11.24

Debian12.8_en

Debian12.5 ; Logwatch , Chkrootkit , Disk Usage Check Script

Logwatch , Chkrootkit , Disk Usage Check Script

2024.02.14

Debian12.5_en

Debian12.5 ; Nagios Server , Tripwire Install

Open source integrated monitoring software "Nagios Server" installedNagios is an open source monitoring solution running on Linux.Nagios is designed to periodically check critical network, application, or server parameters.These parameters include microprocessor load, number of running processes, log files, disk and memory usage, as well as many other services such as SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol), HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol), POP3 (Post Office Protocol 3), etc. can be checked.These parameters require a microprocessor load, a database such as PHP or MySQL to run Nagois, and a web server such as Apache or Nginx. We will proceed under the assumption that all of these have already been configured

2024.02.12

Debian12.5_en

Debian12.5 ; Suricata + Elastic Stack

Prerequisite.We will install Suricata IDS and ElasticStack on the following servers・1st server Suricata IDS & Filebeat : Debian12.5 IP address (192.168.11.83)・2nd server　ElasticStack & kibana　: Ubunru22.04 IP address(192.168.11.100) 1st server Suricata InstallSURICATA IDS/IPS is an open source IDS that monitors communications on the network and detects suspicious traffic. Its basic mechanism is signature-based, so it can detect predefined unauthorized communications. Suricata is also characterized by its ability to provide protection as well as detection.

2023.12.31

Debian12.5_en

Debian12.5 ; MariaDB , WordPress Install

1. MariaDB1.1 Install# apt install mariadb-serverMariaDB version confirmation# mariadb -Vmariadb Ver 15.1 Distrib 10.11.6-MariaDB, for debian-linux-gnu (x86_64) using EditLine wrapper1.2 MariaDB Server Security SettingsMariaDB comes with a default security script, mariadb-secure-installation, which can be used to improve the security of your MariaDB installation, includingSet a password for the root account (if necessary).Disable remote root login to the database.Delete anonymous user accounts.Delete the test database to which anonymous users have access by default.2.WordPress2.1 Database CreationCreate a database for Word Press (for example, in this case, the database name is "wp_db", the user name is "wp_user", and the password is "?Y123456y")

2023.12.31

Debian12.5_en

Rocky Linux9.4 ; SSL Certificate Acquisition( Let's Encrypt ) , Apache SSL , Mail SSL/TLS

1.Obtain an SSL certificate ( Let's Encrypt )Install the latest open ssl# dnf install openssl-devel1.1 advance preparation1.Package management system Snappy installedSince the SSL certificate issuing tool "certbot" of Let's Encrypt is recommended to be installed using "snap" after 2021, install Snapd first.(Can also be installed the traditional way with dnf or yum)2. Converting Apache to httpsInstall the following just in case# dnf -y install mod_ssl3. SSL/TLS (Let's Encrypt) settings on the mail server3.1 Obtaining a certificate for the mail serverObtain a certificate for the mail server, but it cannot be obtained in the same way as above, so the following with the "--standalone" option fails.

2024.08.20

Rocky Linux9.4_en

Debian12.5 ; SSH connection using public key cryptography

Create a key pairCreate a public/private key pair for a user connecting to a Linux server using OpenSSH.Use ssh-keygen to create the key pair.The creation of a public/private key pair must be done as a user with remote login privileges.If you do not specify the destination and file name, id_ed25519 and id_ed25519.pub will be created in /home/(user name)/.ssh/. On the way, enter the password for the key.

2023.12.29

Debian12.5_en