1. FTP Server
1. 1 vsftpd Install
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# dnf -y install vsftpd |
1.2 vsftpd configuration
①Save vsftpd.conf with .bak
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# cp /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf /home/huong/vsftpd.conf.bak |
➁Edit configuration file
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# vi /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf Line 12: Anonymous login prohibited (confirmation) anonymous_enable=NO Line 39: Log transfer record (confirmation) xferlog_enable=YES Lines 82,83 Uncomment ( Allow transfer in ASCII mode ) ascii_upload_enable=YES ascii_download_enable=YES Lines 100,101: Uncomment ( chroot enabled ) chroot_local_user=YES chroot_list_enable=YES Line 103 Uncomment ( chroot list file specified ) chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list Line 109 Uncomment ( Enable batch transfer by directory ) ls_recurse_enable=YES Line 114 Change ( Enable IPv4 ) listen=YES Line 123 Change (IPv6 is ignored) listen_ipv6=NO ### Add to last line ### # Use local time use_localtime=YES |
➂Add users to allow directory access to upper level
In my case I wrote huong.
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# echo "huong" >> /etc/vsftpd/chroot_list |
④Specify IP addresses to allow connections in /etc/hosts.allow
192.168.11.0/24 is the setting that allows all local IP addresses in my environment.
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# echo "vsftpd:192.168.11.0/24" >> /etc/hosts.allow |
⑤Write vsftpd:ALL (deny all connections) in /etc/hosts.deny
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# echo "vsftpd:ALL" >> /etc/hosts.deny |
This setting overrides hosts.allow. That is, everything is denied, and IP addresses specified in hosts.allow are allowed.
⑥Enable vsftpd autostart and start it
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# systemctl enable vsftpd Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/vsftpd.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/vsftpd.service. # systemctl start vsftpd |
⑦Now, from windows side, check if you can connect with FileZilla.
Open the ftp port with firewall before connecting
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# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=ftp # firewall-cmd --reload |
Start FileZilla and select "Site Manager" from the "File" menu.
Click on "New site"
Enter the following settings for each item and click "Connect"
Protocol : FTP-File Transfer Protocol
Host : Server IP Address
Port : (blank.)
Logon Type : Ask for password
User : General user name (server login user)
Password : General user (server login user) password
If the connection is successful, the server directory is displayed on the right and the Windows directory on the left.
2. vsftpd SSL/TLS
Configure Vsftpd to use SSL/TLS
2.1 Create self-signed certificates
This work is not required if you are using a trusted, legitimate certificate such as Let's Encrypt.
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# cd /etc/pki/tls/certs # openssl req -x509 -nodes -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout /etc/pki/tls/certs/vsftpd.pem -out /etc/pki/tls/certs/vsftpd.pem Generating a RSA private key ........................+++++ ..................+++++ writing new private key to '/etc/pki/tls/certs/vsftpd.pem' ----- You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated into your certificate request. What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN. There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank For some fields there will be a default value, If you enter '.', the field will be left blank. ----- Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:JP # country code State or Province Name (full name) []:Osaka # Region (Prefecture) Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:Sakai # City Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:private # organization name Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:Admin # Name of organization's department Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) [] Lepard # Server Host Name Email Address []: hoge@hoge.com # Administrator's email address |
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# chmod 600 vsftpd.pem |
2.2 Vsftpd Configuration
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# vi /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf ● Add to the last line: SSL/TLS Enable rsa_cert_file=/etc/pki/tls/certs/vsftpd.pem ssl_enable=YES force_local_data_ssl=YES force_local_logins_ssl=YES Passive ports allowed if Firewalld is enabled ●Add to the last line: SSL/TLS Enable # Fixed passive ports in any range of ports pasv_enable=YES pasv_min_port=60000 pasv_max_port=60100 |
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# systemctl restart vsftpd |
Allow passive ports in Firewalld
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# firewall-cmd --add-port=60000-60100/tcp --permanent success # firewall-cmd --reload success |
When connecting to FileZilla, the following screen appears, check the box and click "OK" to connect as described above.
3. File server installation with Samba
Build a file server with access rights that requires user authentication with Samba.
Installation Procedure
①Create shared folders with access rights that require user authentication
②Accessible group creation
③Creation of users belonging to accessible groups
④Configuration File Edit
3.1 samba Install
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# dnf install samba samba-client samba-common -y |
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# mkdir /home/smbshare |
3.3 Accessible group (smbgroup) creation
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# groupadd smbgroup # chgrp smbgroup /home/smbshare # chmod 770 /home/smbshare |
3.4 Configuration File Edit
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# vi /etc/samba/smb.conf # Lines 11-12. : unix charset = UTF-8 # Add dos charset = CP932 # Add workgroup = SAMBA security = user # Add (Allow access only from the inside) hosts allow = 127. 192.168.11. # Add to the last line # Set an arbitrary share name [Smbshare] # Specify a shared folder path = /home/smbshare # Allow Write writable = yes # Do not allow guest users guest ok = no # [smbgroup] Grant access only to groups valid users = @smbgroup # Set [smbgroup] as the group for file creation force group = smbgroup # Set file creation permissions to [770]. force create mode = 770 # Set permissions to [770] when creating folders force directory mode = 770 # Inherit permissions of upper folders inherit permissions = yes |
3.5 SMB Restart
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# systemctl enable smb Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/smb.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/smb.service. # systemctl start smb |
3.6 User (smbuser) registration, password setting, group registration
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# useradd smbuser # smbpasswd -a smbuser New SMB password: # Password Setting Retype new SMB password: Added user smbuser. # usermod -aG smbgroup smbuser |
3.7 Firewalld allows Samba services
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# firewall-cmd --add-service=samba --permanent success # firewall-cmd --reload success |
Connect from Windows Explorer
Open File Explorer and enter "\\<server IP address>" (in this case 192.168.11.83) in the address field.
Access the server.
Enter authentication information
User name : User name created in "3.6 User (smbuser) Registration, Password Setting, Group Registration
Password : Password for the above user
Click "OK"
Shared directory information is displayed.
