ArchLinux ; WEB Server(Apache2)

Contents

1. Apache2 installation and virtual host configuration
2. Confirmation of CGI Script Usage
3. PHP installation and configuration
- 3.1 PHP8 installation

1. Apache2 installation and virtual host configuration

1.1 Apache2 Installation

①Install httpd

# pacman -S apache

Version Check
# httpd -v
Server version: Apache/2.4.59 (Unix)
Server built:   Apr 10 2024 00:40:47

# pacman -S apache

Version Check

# httpd -v

Server version: Apache/2.4.59 (Unix)

Server built: Apr 10 2024 00:40:47

1.2 Apache Configuration

①Edit httpd.conf file

# cp /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf_bak
# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
●Line 223 : Administrator address specification
ServerAdmin [Email Address]
●Per Line 234 : Add ServerName
#ServerName www.example.com:80
ServerName [domain name]
●Line 271 : Change (Indexes removed)
Options FollowSymLinks
●Line 278 : change
AllowOverride All
●Line 291 : Add file names accessible only by directory name
DirectoryIndex index.html index.php index.cgi
●Add to the last line
ServerTokens Prod

# cp /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf_bak

# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

●Line 223 : Administrator address specification

ServerAdmin [Email Address]

●Per Line 234 : Add ServerName

#ServerName www.example.com:80

ServerName [domain name]

●Line 271 : Change (Indexes removed)

Options FollowSymLinks

●Line 278 : change

AllowOverride All

●Line 291 : Add file names accessible only by directory name

DirectoryIndex index.html index.php index.cgi

●Add to the last line

ServerTokens Prod

②If firewall is enabled, HTTP service must be allowed; HTTP uses [80/TCP].

# ufw allow http
# ufw reload

1 2	# ufw allow http # ufw reload

③Apache Autostart Configuration

# systemctl start httpd
# systemctl enable httpd
# systemctl status httpd
● httpd.service - Apache Web Server
     Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; enabled; preset: disabled)
     Active: active (running) since Wed 2024-05-08 08:58:45 JST; 13s ago
   Main PID: 1782 (httpd)
      Tasks: 82 (limit: 4630)
     Memory: 6.6M (peak: 7.4M)
        CPU: 27ms
     CGroup: /system.slice/httpd.service
             tq1782 /usr/bin/httpd -k start -DFOREGROUND
             tq1784 /usr/bin/httpd -k start -DFOREGROUND
             tq1785 /usr/bin/httpd -k start -DFOREGROUND
             mq1786 /usr/bin/httpd -k start -DFOREGROUND

May 08 08:58:45 Lepard systemd[1]: Started Apache Web Server.

# systemctl start httpd

# systemctl enable httpd

# systemctl status httpd

● httpd.service - Apache Web Server

Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; enabled; preset: disabled)

Active: active (running) since Wed 2024-05-08 08:58:45 JST; 13s ago

Main PID: 1782 (httpd)

Tasks: 82 (limit: 4630)

Memory: 6.6M (peak: 7.4M)

CPU: 27ms

CGroup: /system.slice/httpd.service

tq1782 /usr/bin/httpd -k start -DFOREGROUND

tq1784 /usr/bin/httpd -k start -DFOREGROUND

tq1785 /usr/bin/httpd -k start -DFOREGROUND

mq1786 /usr/bin/httpd -k start -DFOREGROUND

May 08 08:58:45 Lepard systemd[1]: Started Apache Web Server.

④operation check
Create a new index.html file as a Test Page and check apache operation

# vim /srv/http/index.html
<html>
<body>
<div style="width: 100%; font-size: 40px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">
Apache Test Page
</div>
</body>
</html>

# vim /srv/http/index.html

<html>

<body>

Apache Test Page

</div>

</body>

</html>

If you access http://[server IP] and the Test Page is displayed as shown below, it is OK.

1.3 Virtual Host Settings

Assign and configure the domain name [FQDN] to be operated on the virtual host in the document root [/srv/[FQDN]] directory

# mkdir /srv/[FQDN]
# mkdir /etc/httpd/conf/vhosts

1 2	# mkdir /srv/[FQDN] # mkdir /etc/httpd/conf/vhosts

Virtual Host Configuration File Creation

# vim /etc/httpd/conf/vhosts/[FQDN]

#Virtual Host Domain Settings
<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerAdmin ＜Email Address> ←Administrator's email address
    DocumentRoot "/srv/[FQDN]"
    ServerName [FQDN]
    ErrorLog "/var/log/httpd/[FQDN]-error_log"
    CustomLog "/var/log/httpd/[FQDN]-access_log" common

    <Directory "/srv/[FQDN]">
        Options FollowSymLinks
        AllowOverride All
        Require all granted
    </Directory>
</VirtualHost>

# vim /etc/httpd/conf/vhosts/[FQDN]

#Virtual Host Domain Settings

ServerAdmin ＜Email Address> ←Administrator's email address

DocumentRoot "/srv/[FQDN]"

ServerName [FQDN]

ErrorLog "/var/log/httpd/[FQDN]-error_log"

CustomLog "/var/log/httpd/[FQDN]-access_log" common

Options FollowSymLinks

AllowOverride All

Require all granted

</Directory>

</VirtualHost>

Setting permissions for document directories

# chmod o+x /srv/[FQDN]

1	# chmod o+x /srv/[FQDN]

Include the following virtual host configuration file at the end of httpd.conf

# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

Add to last line
Include conf/vhosts/[FQDN]

# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

Add to last line

Include conf/vhosts/[FQDN]

Restart Apache

# systemctl restart httpd

1	# systemctl restart httpd

2. Confirmation of CGI Script Usage

①CGI availability check

# grep -n "^ *ScriptAlias" /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
373:    ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/srv/http/cgi-bin/"
The above is displayed and available under "/srv/http/cgi-bin/".

# grep -n "^ *ScriptAlias" /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

373: ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/srv/http/cgi-bin/"

The above is displayed and available under "/srv/http/cgi-bin/".

➁Edit /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf file

# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

Line 175 : Uncomment
LoadModule cgid_module modules/mod_cgid.so

Line 178 : Uncomment
LoadModule cgi_module modules/mod_cgi.so

Line 391 : change
Options None　→　Options ExecCGI

# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

Line 175 : Uncomment

LoadModule cgid_module modules/mod_cgid.so

Line 178 : Uncomment

LoadModule cgi_module modules/mod_cgi.so

Line 391 : change

Options None　→　Options ExecCGI

# systemctl restart httpd

1	# systemctl restart httpd

➂Create test scripts and check operation

# mkdir /srv/http/cgi-bin/

# vim /srv/http/cgi-bin/index.cgi

#!/usr/bin/python3
print("Content-type: text/html\n")
print("CGI Script Test Page")

# mkdir /srv/http/cgi-bin/

# vim /srv/http/cgi-bin/index.cgi

#!/usr/bin/python3

print("Content-type: text/html\n")

print("CGI Script Test Page")

# chmod 755 /srv/http/cgi-bin/index.cgi
# curl localhost/cgi-bin/index.cgi
CGI Script Test Page

# chmod 755 /srv/http/cgi-bin/index.cgi

# curl localhost/cgi-bin/index.cgi

CGI Script Test Page

3. PHP installation and configuration

3.1 PHP8 installation

①Install

# pacman -S php php-apache php-fpm

1	# pacman -S php php-apache php-fpm

②Version Check

# php -v
PHP 8.3.6 (cli) (built: Apr 12 2024 12:24:08) (NTS)
Copyright (c) The PHP Group
Zend Engine v4.3.6, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies

# php -v

PHP 8.3.6 (cli) (built: Apr 12 2024 12:24:08) (NTS)

Zend Engine v4.3.6, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies

Configuration of PHP main unit

# vim /etc/php/php.ini

Line 713 : change
post_max_size = 300M

Line 865 : change
upload_max_filesize = 200M

Line 975 : Uncommented and added
date.timezone = Asia/Tokyo

# vim /etc/php/php.ini

Line 713 : change

post_max_size = 300M

Line 865 : change

upload_max_filesize = 200M

Line 975 : Uncommented and added

date.timezone = Asia/Tokyo

Configure php-fpm

# systemctl enable php-fpm
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/php-fpm.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service.

1 2	# systemctl enable php-fpm Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/php-fpm.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service.

# systemctl start php-fpm

1	# systemctl start php-fpm

➂Edit Apache configuration file and set up to use PHP

# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

Line 66 : comment-out
#LoadModule mpm_event_module modules/mod_mpm_event.so

Line 67 : Uncomment
LoadModule mpm_prefork_module modules/mod_mpm_prefork.so

Line 185-186 : add
LoadModule php_module modules/libphp.so
AddHandler php-script php

Add to last line
Include conf/extra/php_module.conf

# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

Line 66 : comment-out

#LoadModule mpm_event_module modules/mod_mpm_event.so

Line 67 : Uncomment

LoadModule mpm_prefork_module modules/mod_mpm_prefork.so

Line 185-186 : add

LoadModule php_module modules/libphp.so

AddHandler php-script php

Add to last line

Include conf/extra/php_module.conf

③Restart Apache
After PHP installation, restarting Apache will invoke PHP-FPM (FPM : FastCGI Process Manager) by default, and php-fpm service will be started in conjunction with httpd startup.

# systemctl restart httpd
# systemctl status php-fpm
● php-fpm.service - The PHP FastCGI Process Manager
     Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service; enabled; preset: disabled)
     Active: active (running) since Wed 2024-05-08 09:25:59 JST; 2min 30s ago
   Main PID: 2255 (php-fpm)
     Status: "Processes active: 0, idle: 2, Requests: 0, slow: 0, Traffic: 0req/sec"
      Tasks: 3 (limit: 4630)
     Memory: 21.8M (peak: 22.0M)
        CPU: 53ms
     CGroup: /system.slice/php-fpm.service
             tq2255 "php-fpm: master process (/etc/php/php-fpm.conf)"
             tq2256 "php-fpm: pool www"
             mq2257 "php-fpm: pool www"

May 08 09:25:59 Lepard systemd[1]: Starting The PHP FastCGI Process Manager...
May 08 09:25:59 Lepard php-fpm[2255]: [NOTICE] fpm is running, pid 2255
May 08 09:25:59 Lepard php-fpm[2255]: [NOTICE] ready to handle connections
May 08 09:25:59 Lepard php-fpm[2255]: [NOTICE] systemd monitor interval set to 10000ms
May 08 09:25:59 Lepard systemd[1]: Started The PHP FastCGI Process Manager.

# systemctl restart httpd

# systemctl status php-fpm

● php-fpm.service - The PHP FastCGI Process Manager

Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service; enabled; preset: disabled)

Active: active (running) since Wed 2024-05-08 09:25:59 JST; 2min 30s ago

Main PID: 2255 (php-fpm)

Status: "Processes active: 0, idle: 2, Requests: 0, slow: 0, Traffic: 0req/sec"

Tasks: 3 (limit: 4630)

Memory: 21.8M (peak: 22.0M)

CPU: 53ms

CGroup: /system.slice/php-fpm.service

tq2255 "php-fpm: master process (/etc/php/php-fpm.conf)"

tq2256 "php-fpm: pool www"

mq2257 "php-fpm: pool www"

May 08 09:25:59 Lepard systemd[1]: Starting The PHP FastCGI Process Manager...

May 08 09:25:59 Lepard php-fpm[2255]: [NOTICE] fpm is running, pid 2255

May 08 09:25:59 Lepard php-fpm[2255]: [NOTICE] ready to handle connections

May 08 09:25:59 Lepard php-fpm[2255]: [NOTICE] systemd monitor interval set to 10000ms

May 08 09:25:59 Lepard systemd[1]: Started The PHP FastCGI Process Manager.

④Confirmation of PHP operation
Create the following file

# vim /srv/[FQDN]/test.php
<?php phpinfo(); ?>

1 2	# vim /srv/[FQDN]/test.php <?php phpinfo(); ?>

Access "http://[FQDN]/test.php" in your browser and if you see the following screen, it is OK

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