Gentoo Linux : Install on Vmware and LAMP & FTP

Contents

GentooをLVM,systemdでインストール
- ディスクとパーティションセットアップ
Gentoo Linuxインストール後の設定

GentooをLVM,systemdでインストール

「Gentooのダウンロード」「VMwareマシンの設定」は前ページを参照

UEFI GPT でインストール
インストールプロセスの開始
途中でkey mapの選択では　Key map : jp

SSH接続を有効化して、Teraterm等で作業できるようにする

rootパスワードを変更する
livdcd~# passwd root

ssh設定ファイル変更
livdcd~# vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config
PasswordAuthentication yes

sshdサービス起動
livdcd~# /etc/init.d/sshd start

サーバーIP確認
livdcd~# ip a

rootパスワードを変更する

livdcd~# passwd root

ssh設定ファイル変更

livdcd~# vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config

PasswordAuthentication yes

sshdサービス起動

livdcd~# /etc/init.d/sshd start

サーバーIP確認

livdcd~# ip a

TeraTermで接続
Host : server IP
SSH : 22
Use name : root
Passphrase : 上記で変更したパスワード

ディスクとパーティションセットアップ

1.ディスクの確認

livdcd~# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 60 GiB, 64424509440 bytes, 125829120 sectors
Disk model: VMware Virtual S
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/loop0: 511.46 MiB, 536309760 bytes, 1047480 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

livdcd~# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 60 GiB, 64424509440 bytes, 125829120 sectors

Disk model: VMware Virtual S

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/loop0: 511.46 MiB, 536309760 bytes, 1047480 sectors

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

2.gdiskでパーティションを作成

livecd ~ # gdisk /dev/sda
GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 1.0.10

Partition table scan:
  MBR: not present
  BSD: not present
  APM: not present
  GPT: not present

Creating new GPT entries in memory.

Command (? for help): o
This option deletes all partitions and creates a new protective MBR.
Proceed? (Y/N): Y

EFI Bootパーティションを作成
Command (? for help): n
Partition number (1-128, default 1):
First sector (34-125829086, default = 2048) or {+-}size{KMGTP}:
Last sector (2048-125829086, default = 125827071) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: +512M
Current type is 8300 (Linux filesystem)
Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300): EF00
Changed type of partition to 'EFI system partition'

swap,rootパーティションの為のLVMパーティションを作成。 残り全て、ファイルタイプは8E00
Command (? for help): n
Partition number (2-128, default 2):
First sector (34-125829086, default = 1050624) or {+-}size{KMGTP}:
Last sector (1050624-125829086, default = 125827071) or {+-}size{KMGTP}:
Current type is 8300 (Linux filesystem)
Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300): 8E00
Changed type of partition to 'Linux LVM'

パーティション確認
Command (? for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 125829120 sectors, 60.0 GiB
Model: VMware Virtual S
Sector size (logical/physical): 512/512 bytes
Disk identifier (GUID): C9F8422A-E65C-49AE-AEB1-714283C05ABD
Partition table holds up to 128 entries
Main partition table begins at sector 2 and ends at sector 33
First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 125829086
Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries
Total free space is 4029 sectors (2.0 MiB)

Number  Start (sector)    End (sector)  Size       Code  Name
   1            2048         1050623   512.0 MiB   EF00  EFI system partition
   2         1050624       125827071   59.5 GiB    8E00  Linux LVM

パーティション書き込み
Command (? for help): w

Final checks complete. About to write GPT data. THIS WILL OVERWRITE EXISTING
PARTITIONS!!

Do you want to proceed? (Y/N): Y
OK; writing new GUID partition table (GPT) to /dev/sda.
The operation has completed successfully.

livecd ~ # gdisk /dev/sda

GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 1.0.10

Partition table scan:

MBR: not present

BSD: not present

APM: not present

GPT: not present

Creating new GPT entries in memory.

Command (? for help): o

This option deletes all partitions and creates a new protective MBR.

Proceed? (Y/N): Y

EFI Bootパーティションを作成

Command (? for help): n

Partition number (1-128, default 1):

First sector (34-125829086, default = 2048) or {+-}size{KMGTP}:

Last sector (2048-125829086, default = 125827071) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: +512M

Current type is 8300 (Linux filesystem)

Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300): EF00

Changed type of partition to 'EFI system partition'

swap,rootパーティションの為のLVMパーティションを作成。残り全て、ファイルタイプは8E00

Command (? for help): n

Partition number (2-128, default 2):

First sector (34-125829086, default = 1050624) or {+-}size{KMGTP}:

Last sector (1050624-125829086, default = 125827071) or {+-}size{KMGTP}:

Current type is 8300 (Linux filesystem)

Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300): 8E00

Changed type of partition to 'Linux LVM'

パーティション確認

Command (? for help): p

Disk /dev/sda: 125829120 sectors, 60.0 GiB

Model: VMware Virtual S

Sector size (logical/physical): 512/512 bytes

Disk identifier (GUID): C9F8422A-E65C-49AE-AEB1-714283C05ABD

Partition table holds up to 128 entries

Main partition table begins at sector 2 and ends at sector 33

First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 125829086

Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries

Total free space is 4029 sectors (2.0 MiB)

Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name

1 2048 1050623 512.0 MiB EF00 EFI system partition

2 1050624 125827071 59.5 GiB 8E00 Linux LVM

パーティション書き込み

Command (? for help): w

Final checks complete. About to write GPT data. THIS WILL OVERWRITE EXISTING

PARTITIONS!!

Do you want to proceed? (Y/N): Y

OK; writing new GUID partition table (GPT) to /dev/sda.

The operation has completed successfully.

3.パーティションフォーマット、マウント

livecd ~ # mkfs.vfat -F32 /dev/sda1
mkfs.fat 4.2 (2021-01-31)

livecd ~ # pvcreate /dev/sda2
  Physical volume "/dev/sda2" successfully created.

livecd ~ # vgcreate vg01 /dev/sda2
  Volume group "vg01" successfully created

livecd ~ # lvcreate -L 4G -n swap vg01
  Logical volume "swap" created.

livecd ~ # lvcreate -l 100%FREE -n root vg01
  Logical volume "root" created.

livecd ~ # mkswap /dev/mapper/vg01-swap
Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 4 GiB (4294963200 bytes)
no label, UUID=1c64d870-8f00-40b4-9709-3905c74532fc

livecd ~ # mkfs.xfs /dev/vg01/root
meta-data=/dev/vg01/root         isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=3636992 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=1, sparse=1, rmapbt=0
         =                       reflink=1    bigtime=1 inobtcount=1 nrext64=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=14547968, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0, ftype=1
log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=16384, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0

livecd ~ # mount /dev/vg01/root /mnt/gentoo

livecd ~ # swapon /dev/vg01/swap

livecd ~ # mkfs.vfat -F32 /dev/sda1

mkfs.fat 4.2 (2021-01-31)

livecd ~ # pvcreate /dev/sda2

Physical volume "/dev/sda2" successfully created.

livecd ~ # vgcreate vg01 /dev/sda2

Volume group "vg01" successfully created

livecd ~ # lvcreate -L 4G -n swap vg01

Logical volume "swap" created.

livecd ~ # lvcreate -l 100%FREE -n root vg01

Logical volume "root" created.

livecd ~ # mkswap /dev/mapper/vg01-swap

Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 4 GiB (4294963200 bytes)

no label, UUID=1c64d870-8f00-40b4-9709-3905c74532fc

livecd ~ # mkfs.xfs /dev/vg01/root

meta-data=/dev/vg01/root isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=3636992 blks

= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1

= crc=1 finobt=1, sparse=1, rmapbt=0

= reflink=1 bigtime=1 inobtcount=1 nrext64=0

data = bsize=4096 blocks=14547968, imaxpct=25

= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks

naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0, ftype=1

log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=16384, version=2

= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1

realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0

livecd ~ # mount /dev/vg01/root /mnt/gentoo

livecd ~ # swapon /dev/vg01/swap

4.stage tarballのダウンロード、展開
Downloadsのページで「Stage3 systemd」を選択

livecd ~ # cd /mnt/gentoo
livecd /mnt/gentoo # wget https://gentoo.osuosl.org/releases/amd64/autobuilds/20250406T165023Z/stage3-amd64-systemd-20250406T165023Z.tar.xz

livecd /mnt/gentoo # tar -xvf stage3-amd64-systemd-20250406T165023Z.tar.xz

livecd ~ # cd /mnt/gentoo

livecd /mnt/gentoo # wget https://gentoo.osuosl.org/releases/amd64/autobuilds/20250406T165023Z/stage3-amd64-systemd-20250406T165023Z.tar.xz

livecd /mnt/gentoo # tar -xvf stage3-amd64-systemd-20250406T165023Z.tar.xz

5.コンパイル時のオプション

livecd /mnt/gentoo # nano -w /mnt/gentoo/etc/portage/make.conf

# 下記に変更
COMMON_FLAGS="-march=native -O2 -pipe"

#次の行を追加 
MAKEOPTS="-j3"

#次の行を追加  
ACCEPT_LICENSE="* -@EULA"

livecd /mnt/gentoo # nano -w /mnt/gentoo/etc/portage/make.conf

# 下記に変更

COMMON_FLAGS="-march=native -O2 -pipe"

#次の行を追加

MAKEOPTS="-j3"

#次の行を追加

ACCEPT_LICENSE="* -@EULA"

6.高速ミラーの選択 jpを選択

livecd /mnt/gentoo # mirrorselect -i -o >> /mnt/gentoo/etc/portage/make.conf

1	livecd /mnt/gentoo # mirrorselect -i -o >> /mnt/gentoo/etc/portage/make.conf

Gentoo ebuild リポジトリ

livecd /mnt/gentoo # mkdir --parents /mnt/gentoo/etc/portage/repos.conf
livecd /mnt/gentoo # cp /mnt/gentoo/usr/share/portage/config/repos.conf /mnt/gentoo/etc/portage/repos.conf/gentoo.conf

1 2	livecd /mnt/gentoo # mkdir --parents /mnt/gentoo/etc/portage/repos.conf livecd /mnt/gentoo # cp /mnt/gentoo/usr/share/portage/config/repos.conf /mnt/gentoo/etc/portage/repos.conf/gentoo.conf

7.DNSを設定

livecd /mnt/gentoo # cp --dereference /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/gentoo/etc/

1	livecd /mnt/gentoo # cp --dereference /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/gentoo/etc/

8.ファイルシステムのマウント

livecd /mnt/gentoo # mount --types proc /proc /mnt/gentoo/proc
livecd /mnt/gentoo # mount --rbind /sys /mnt/gentoo/sys
livecd /mnt/gentoo # mount --make-rslave /mnt/gentoo/sys
livecd /mnt/gentoo # mount --rbind /dev /mnt/gentoo/dev
livecd /mnt/gentoo # mount --make-rslave /mnt/gentoo/dev
livecd /mnt/gentoo # mount --bind /run /mnt/gentoo/run
livecd /mnt/gentoo # mount --make-slave /mnt/gentoo/run

livecd /mnt/gentoo # mount --types proc /proc /mnt/gentoo/proc

livecd /mnt/gentoo # mount --rbind /sys /mnt/gentoo/sys

livecd /mnt/gentoo # mount --make-rslave /mnt/gentoo/sys

livecd /mnt/gentoo # mount --rbind /dev /mnt/gentoo/dev

livecd /mnt/gentoo # mount --make-rslave /mnt/gentoo/dev

livecd /mnt/gentoo # mount --bind /run /mnt/gentoo/run

livecd /mnt/gentoo # mount --make-slave /mnt/gentoo/run

9.新環境へ移行
chrootを使用して、ルートロケーションを/（インストールメディア上）から/mnt/gentoo/（パーティション上）に変更します。

livecd /mnt/gentoo # chroot /mnt/gentoo /bin/bash 
livecd / # source /etc/profile 
livecd / # export PS1="(chroot) ${PS1}"
(chroot) livecd / #

livecd /mnt/gentoo # chroot /mnt/gentoo /bin/bash

livecd / # source /etc/profile

livecd / # export PS1="(chroot) ${PS1}"

(chroot) livecd / #

10.ブートパーティションをマウント

(chroot) livecd / # mkdir -p /boot
(chroot) livecd / # mkdir -p /boot/efi
(chroot) livecd / # mount /dev/sda1 /boot/efi

(chroot) livecd / # mkdir -p /boot

(chroot) livecd / # mkdir -p /boot/efi

(chroot) livecd / # mount /dev/sda1 /boot/efi

11.Portage設定

(chroot) livecd / # emerge-webrsync

1	(chroot) livecd / # emerge-webrsync

12.プロファイルを選択
選択中のプロファイルを表示する。

(chroot) livecd / # eselect profile list

1	(chroot) livecd / # eselect profile list

Available profile symlink targets:
  [1]   default/linux/amd64/17.1 (exp)
  [2]   default/linux/amd64/17.1/selinux (exp)
  [3]   default/linux/amd64/17.1/hardened (exp)
  [4]   default/linux/amd64/17.1/hardened/selinux (exp)
  [5]   default/linux/amd64/17.1/desktop (exp)
  [6]   default/linux/amd64/17.1/desktop/gnome (exp)
  [7]   default/linux/amd64/17.1/desktop/gnome/systemd/merged-usr (exp)
  [8]   default/linux/amd64/17.1/desktop/plasma (exp)
  [9]   default/linux/amd64/17.1/desktop/plasma/systemd/merged-usr (exp)
  [10]  default/linux/amd64/17.1/desktop/systemd/merged-usr (exp)
  [11]  default/linux/amd64/17.1/developer (exp)
  [12]  default/linux/amd64/17.1/no-multilib (exp)
  [13]  default/linux/amd64/17.1/no-multilib/hardened (exp)
  [14]  default/linux/amd64/17.1/no-multilib/hardened/selinux (exp)
  [15]  default/linux/amd64/17.1/no-multilib/systemd/merged-usr (exp)
  [16]  default/linux/amd64/17.1/no-multilib/systemd/selinux/merged-usr (exp)
  [17]  default/linux/amd64/17.1/systemd/merged-usr (exp)
  [18]  default/linux/amd64/17.1/systemd/selinux/merged-usr (exp)
  [19]  default/linux/amd64/17.1/clang (exp)
  [20]  default/linux/amd64/17.1/systemd/clang/merged-usr (exp)
  [21]  default/linux/amd64/23.0 (stable)
  [22]  default/linux/amd64/23.0/systemd (stable) *
  [23]  default/linux/amd64/23.0/desktop (stable)
  [24]  default/linux/amd64/23.0/desktop/systemd (stable)

Available profile symlink targets:

[1] default/linux/amd64/17.1 (exp)

[2] default/linux/amd64/17.1/selinux (exp)

[3] default/linux/amd64/17.1/hardened (exp)

[4] default/linux/amd64/17.1/hardened/selinux (exp)

[5] default/linux/amd64/17.1/desktop (exp)

[6] default/linux/amd64/17.1/desktop/gnome (exp)

[7] default/linux/amd64/17.1/desktop/gnome/systemd/merged-usr (exp)

[8] default/linux/amd64/17.1/desktop/plasma (exp)

[9] default/linux/amd64/17.1/desktop/plasma/systemd/merged-usr (exp)

[10] default/linux/amd64/17.1/desktop/systemd/merged-usr (exp)

[11] default/linux/amd64/17.1/developer (exp)

[12] default/linux/amd64/17.1/no-multilib (exp)

[13] default/linux/amd64/17.1/no-multilib/hardened (exp)

[14] default/linux/amd64/17.1/no-multilib/hardened/selinux (exp)

[15] default/linux/amd64/17.1/no-multilib/systemd/merged-usr (exp)

[16] default/linux/amd64/17.1/no-multilib/systemd/selinux/merged-usr (exp)

[17] default/linux/amd64/17.1/systemd/merged-usr (exp)

[18] default/linux/amd64/17.1/systemd/selinux/merged-usr (exp)

[19] default/linux/amd64/17.1/clang (exp)

[20] default/linux/amd64/17.1/systemd/clang/merged-usr (exp)

[21] default/linux/amd64/23.0 (stable)

[22] default/linux/amd64/23.0/systemd (stable) *

[23] default/linux/amd64/23.0/desktop (stable)

[24] default/linux/amd64/23.0/desktop/systemd (stable)

今回インストールするのは既に選択されている
[22] default/linux/amd64/23.0/systemd (stable) *
もし、設定されていなければ次のようにして22を指定する

(chroot) livecd / # eselect profile set 22

1	(chroot) livecd / # eselect profile set 22

13.@worldのセットを更新

make.confを編集

(chroot) livecd / # nano /etc/portage/make.conf
下記を追記する
USE="device-mapper"

(chroot) livecd / # nano /etc/portage/make.conf

下記を追記する

USE="device-mapper"

@worldセットの更新

(chroot) livecd / # emerge --ask --verbose --update --deep --newuse @world
(chroot) livecd / # emerge --depclean

1 2	(chroot) livecd / # emerge --ask --verbose --update --deep --newuse @world (chroot) livecd / # emerge --depclean

14.タイムゾーンの設定

(chroot) livecd / # ls /usr/share/zoneinfo
Africa      Cuba     GMT+0      Kwajalein  Poland     Zulu
America     EET      GMT-0      Libya      Portugal   iso3166.tab
Antarctica  EST      GMT0       MET        ROC        leap-seconds.list
Arctic      EST5EDT  Greenwich  MST        ROK        leapseconds
Asia        Egypt    HST        MST7MDT    Singapore  tzdata.zi
Atlantic    Eire     Hongkong   Mexico     Turkey     zone.tab
Australia   Etc      Iceland    NZ         UCT        zone1970.tab
Brazil      Europe   Indian     NZ-CHAT    US         zonenow.tab
CET         Factory  Iran       Navajo     UTC
CST6CDT     GB       Israel     PRC        Universal
Canada      GB-Eire  Jamaica    PST8PDT    W-SU
Chile       GMT      Japan      Pacific    WET

# timezoneを日本にする
(chroot) livecd / # echo "Japan" > /etc/timezone

#タイムゾーンの再設定
(chroot) livecd / # emerge --config sys-libs/timezone-data

(chroot) livecd / # ls /usr/share/zoneinfo

Africa Cuba GMT+0 Kwajalein Poland Zulu

America EET GMT-0 Libya Portugal iso3166.tab

Antarctica EST GMT0 MET ROC leap-seconds.list

Arctic EST5EDT Greenwich MST ROK leapseconds

Asia Egypt HST MST7MDT Singapore tzdata.zi

Atlantic Eire Hongkong Mexico Turkey zone.tab

Australia Etc Iceland NZ UCT zone1970.tab

Brazil Europe Indian NZ-CHAT US zonenow.tab

CET Factory Iran Navajo UTC

CST6CDT GB Israel PRC Universal

Canada GB-Eire Jamaica PST8PDT W-SU

Chile GMT Japan Pacific WET

# timezoneを日本にする

(chroot) livecd / # echo "Japan" > /etc/timezone

#タイムゾーンの再設定

(chroot) livecd / # emerge --config sys-libs/timezone-data

15.ロケールの設定(英語表記にする)

(chroot) livecd / # nano -w /etc/locale.gen

#下記追記または該当行コメント外す 
en_US ISO-8859-1
en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8

反映させる
(chroot) livecd / # locale-gen

言語をen_US.utf8に設定する
(chroot) livecd / # eselect locale list
Available targets for the LANG variable:
  [1]   C
  [2]   C.utf8
  [3]   POSIX
  [4]   en_US
  [5]   en_US.iso88591
  [6]   en_US.utf8
  [7]   C.UTF8 *
  [ ]   (free form)

(chroot) livecd / # eselect locale set 6
Setting LANG to en_US.utf8 ...
Run ". /etc/profile" to update the variable in your shell.

(chroot) livecd / # env-update && source /etc/profile && export PS1="(chroot) ${PS1}"

(chroot) livecd / # nano -w /etc/locale.gen

#下記追記または該当行コメント外す

en_US ISO-8859-1

en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8

反映させる

(chroot) livecd / # locale-gen

言語をen_US.utf8に設定する

(chroot) livecd / # eselect locale list

Available targets for the LANG variable:

[1] C

[2] C.utf8

[3] POSIX

[4] en_US

[5] en_US.iso88591

[6] en_US.utf8

[7] C.UTF8 *

[ ] (free form)

(chroot) livecd / # eselect locale set 6

Setting LANG to en_US.utf8 ...

Run ". /etc/profile" to update the variable in your shell.

(chroot) livecd / # env-update && source /etc/profile && export PS1="(chroot) ${PS1}"

16.fstabの設定
「/dev/mapper/vg01-root」と「/dev/mapper/vg01-swap」のUUIDを確認する

device                    fs_type         label                   mount point                                  UUID
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/dev/sr0                  iso9660       Gentoo-amd64-20250119    (in use)                                       2025-01-19-18-06-14-00
/dev/mapper/vg01-root     xfs                                    /                                           c5a15ae8-87d6-4e05-821c-ebe7fd9234fe
/dev/loop0                squashfs                               (in use)
/dev/mapper/vg01-swap     swap                                   [SWAP]                                      f4e74133-e90b-4db1-a0f4-4fee6adc781c
/dev/sda2                 LVM2_member                            (in use)                                    djPMi2-SLVR-PsWd-1gwH-Xy44-VSII-u3jseU  
/dev/sda1                 vfat                                   /boot/efi                                   E00A-385B

device fs_type label mount point UUID

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/dev/sr0 iso9660 Gentoo-amd64-20250119 (in use) 2025-01-19-18-06-14-00

/dev/mapper/vg01-root xfs / c5a15ae8-87d6-4e05-821c-ebe7fd9234fe

/dev/loop0 squashfs (in use)

/dev/mapper/vg01-swap swap [SWAP] f4e74133-e90b-4db1-a0f4-4fee6adc781c

/dev/sda2 LVM2_member (in use) djPMi2-SLVR-PsWd-1gwH-Xy44-VSII-u3jseU

/dev/sda1 vfat /boot/efi E00A-385B

「/dev/mapper/vg01-root」のUUIDは「c5a15ae8-87d6-4e05-821c-ebe7fd9234fe」
「/dev/mapper/vg01-swap」のUUIDは「f4e74133-e90b-4db1-a0f4-4fee6adc781c」

fstabファイルに下記のように追記

(chroot) livecd / # nano /etc/fstab
/dev/sda1  /boot/efi vfat noauto,noatime 0 2
UUID=c5a15ae8-87d6-4e05-821c-ebe7fd9234fe / ext4 noatime 0 1
UUID=f4e74133-e90b-4db1-a0f4-4fee6adc781c none swap sw 0 0
/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,ro 0 0

(chroot) livecd / # nano /etc/fstab

/dev/sda1 /boot/efi vfat noauto,noatime 0 2

UUID=c5a15ae8-87d6-4e05-821c-ebe7fd9234fe / ext4 noatime 0 1

UUID=f4e74133-e90b-4db1-a0f4-4fee6adc781c none swap sw 0 0

/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,ro 0 0

17.firmware、pciutilsのインストール

(chroot) livecd / # emerge -a linux-firmware
(chroot) livecd / # emerge -a pciutils

1 2	(chroot) livecd / # emerge -a linux-firmware (chroot) livecd / # emerge -a pciutils

18.カーネルのセットアップ：genkernelの使用

(chroot) livecd / # emerge -avt gentoo-sources
(chroot) livecd / # emerge --ask sys-kernel/genkernel
(chroot) livecd / # nano -w /etc/genkernel.conf
下記のように変更
#MENUCONFIG="no"
MENUCONFIG="yes"
下記のように変更
#LVM="no"
LVM="yes"
下記コメントアウトして、その下に追加
# DEFAULT_KERNEL_SOURCE="/usr/src/linux"
DEFAULT_KERNEL_SOURCE="/usr/src/linux-6.12.21-gentoo"

(chroot) livecd / # emerge -avt gentoo-sources

(chroot) livecd / # emerge --ask sys-kernel/genkernel

(chroot) livecd / # nano -w /etc/genkernel.conf

下記のように変更

#MENUCONFIG="no"

MENUCONFIG="yes"

下記のように変更

#LVM="no"

LVM="yes"

下記コメントアウトして、その下に追加

# DEFAULT_KERNEL_SOURCE="/usr/src/linux"

DEFAULT_KERNEL_SOURCE="/usr/src/linux-6.12.21-gentoo"

menu configが表示されればESCキーを２回押して、インストールを進める

(chroot) livecd / # genkernel all      #/bootディレクトリ配下にカーネルが展開される(時間がかかる)
* Kernel compiled successfully!
*
* --no-bootloader set; Skipping bootloader update ...
*
* Required kernel parameter:
*
*       root=/dev/$ROOT
*
* Where $ROOT is the device node for your root partition as the
* one specified in /etc/fstab

* If you require Genkernel's hardware detection features, you MUST
* tell your bootloader to use the provided initramfs file '/boot/initramfs-6.12.21-gentoo-x86_64.img'.

* WARNING... WARNING... WARNING...
* Additional kernel parameters that *may* be required to boot properly:
* - Add "dolvm" for LVM support

* Do NOT report kernel bugs as genkernel bugs unless your bug
* is about the default genkernel configuration...
*
* Make sure you have the latest ~arch genkernel before reporting bugs.

(chroot) livecd / # genkernel all #/bootディレクトリ配下にカーネルが展開される(時間がかかる)

* Kernel compiled successfully!

* --no-bootloader set; Skipping bootloader update ...

* Required kernel parameter:

* root=/dev/$ROOT

* Where $ROOT is the device node for your root partition as the

* one specified in /etc/fstab

* If you require Genkernel's hardware detection features, you MUST

* tell your bootloader to use the provided initramfs file '/boot/initramfs-6.12.21-gentoo-x86_64.img'.

* WARNING... WARNING... WARNING...

* Additional kernel parameters that *may* be required to boot properly:

* - Add "dolvm" for LVM support

* Do NOT report kernel bugs as genkernel bugs unless your bug

* is about the default genkernel configuration...

* Make sure you have the latest ~arch genkernel before reporting bugs.

(chroot) livecd / # ls /boot/vmlinu* /boot/initramfs*
/boot/initramfs-6.12.21-gentoo-x86_64.img  /boot/vmlinuz-6.12.21-gentoo-x86_64

1 2	(chroot) livecd / # ls /boot/vmlinu* /boot/initramfs* /boot/initramfs-6.12.21-gentoo-x86_64.img /boot/vmlinuz-6.12.21-gentoo-x86_64

シンボリックリンクの作成

(chroot) livecd / # ln -sf /proc/self/mounts /etc/mtab

1	(chroot) livecd / # ln -sf /proc/self/mounts /etc/mtab

lvmをインストール

(chroot) livecd / # genkernel --lvm initramfs

1	(chroot) livecd / # genkernel --lvm initramfs

make.confファイルを編集

(chroot) livecd / # nano /etc/portage/make.conf
下記を追記します。
GRUB_PLATFORMS="efi-64"

(chroot) livecd / # nano /etc/portage/make.conf

下記を追記します。

GRUB_PLATFORMS="efi-64"

19.dhcpcd, sysklogd, cronie, mlocateをインストール

(chroot) livecd / # emerge -a dhcpcd
(chroot) livecd / # emerge -a sysklogd
(chroot) livecd / # emerge -a cronie
(chroot) livecd / # emerge -a mlocate

(chroot) livecd / # emerge -a dhcpcd

(chroot) livecd / # emerge -a sysklogd

(chroot) livecd / # emerge -a cronie

(chroot) livecd / # emerge -a mlocate

20.rootパスワードを設定

(chroot) livecd / #　passwd

1	(chroot) livecd / #　passwd

21.grubのセットアップ

(chroot) livecd / # emerge -a grub:2

/etc/default/grubファイルを編集
(chroot) livecd / # nano /etc/default/grub
下記を追記
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="init=/usr/lib/systemd/systemd dolvm rd.lvm.vg=vg01 rd.lvm.lv=vg01/root rd.lvm.lv=vg01/swap"

GRUBをインストール
(chroot) livecd / # grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --removable

(chroot) livecd / # grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg


システムを再起動
(chroot) livecd / # exit
(chroot) livecd / # cd
(chroot) livecd / # umount -l /mnt/gentoo/dev{/shm,/pts,} 
(chroot) livecd / # umount -R /mnt/gentoo 
(chroot) livecd / # reboot

(chroot) livecd / # emerge -a grub:2

/etc/default/grubファイルを編集

(chroot) livecd / # nano /etc/default/grub

下記を追記

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="init=/usr/lib/systemd/systemd dolvm rd.lvm.vg=vg01 rd.lvm.lv=vg01/root rd.lvm.lv=vg01/swap"

GRUBをインストール

(chroot) livecd / # grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --removable

(chroot) livecd / # grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

システムを再起動

(chroot) livecd / # exit

(chroot) livecd / # cd

(chroot) livecd / # umount -l /mnt/gentoo/dev{/shm,/pts,}

(chroot) livecd / # umount -R /mnt/gentoo

(chroot) livecd / # reboot

再起動するとGentoo Linuxにログインできる

Gentoo Linuxインストール後の設定

dhcpcd及びsshdの起動及び自動起動設定

dhcpcdの起動と自動起動設定
localhost ~# systemctl start dhcpcd
localhost ~# systemctl enable dhcpcd

ssh設定ファイル変更
localhost ~# nano /etc/ssh/sshd_config
下記に変更
PermitRootLogin yes
PasswordAuthentication yes

sshサービスの再起動及び自動起動設定
localhost ~# systemctl restart sshd
localhost ~# systemctl enable sshd

dhcpcdの起動と自動起動設定

localhost ~# systemctl start dhcpcd

localhost ~# systemctl enable dhcpcd

ssh設定ファイル変更

localhost ~# nano /etc/ssh/sshd_config

下記に変更

PermitRootLogin yes

PasswordAuthentication yes

sshサービスの再起動及び自動起動設定

localhost ~# systemctl restart sshd

localhost ~# systemctl enable sshd

サーバーIPアドレス確認して
Teratermで接続

localhost ~# ip a

1	localhost ~# ip a

デフォルトのエディタをvimにする

インストール
localhost ~# emerge --ask app-editors/vim

localhost ~# eselect editor list
Available targets for the EDITOR variable:
  [1]   nano
  [2]   ex
  [3]   vi
  [4]   vim
  [ ]   (free form)
localhost~# eselect editor set 4
localhost~# . /etc/profile

インストール

localhost ~# emerge --ask app-editors/vim

localhost ~# eselect editor list

Available targets for the EDITOR variable:

[1] nano

[2] ex

[3] vi

[4] vim

[ ] (free form)

localhost~# eselect editor set 4

localhost~# . /etc/profile

一般ユーザの追加とsudoの導入

①一般ユーザを追加してパスワードを設定する(今回は一般ユーザーhuongを作成)

localhost ~# LANG='C' useradd -m -G users,portage,wheel -s /bin/bash huong
localhost ~# LANG='C' passwd huong
Enter new password:
Retype new password:
passwd: password updated successfully

localhost ~# LANG='C' useradd -m -G users,portage,wheel -s /bin/bash huong

localhost ~# LANG='C' passwd huong

Enter new password:

Retype new password:

passwd: password updated successfully

➁sudoをインストール

ログアウトして一般ユーザでログインしなおす。
# exit
# exit

localhost login: huong
Password:
huong@localhost ~ $

suでrootになり、sudoをインストールする。
huong@localhost ~ $ su -
Password: (rootパスワードを入力)
localhost ~ # emerge -av sudo

visudoでsudoを設定する。
localhost ~# visudo
125行目コメント解除
%wheel ALL=(ALL:ALL)  ALL

suをぬけてsudoを試してみる。
# exit
huong@localhost ~ $ sudo echo huong
Password: (huongのパスワードを入力する)
huong

ログアウトして一般ユーザでログインしなおす。

# exit

localhost login: huong

Password:

huong@localhost ~ $

suでrootになり、sudoをインストールする。

huong@localhost ~ $ su -

Password: (rootパスワードを入力)

localhost ~ # emerge -av sudo

visudoでsudoを設定する。

localhost ~# visudo

125行目コメント解除

%wheel ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL

suをぬけてsudoを試してみる。

# exit

huong@localhost ~ $ sudo echo huong

Password: (huongのパスワードを入力する)

huong

ホスト名変更

ホスト名をLepardに変更

localhost ~# hostnamectl hostname Lepard
localhost ~# reboot

1 2	localhost ~# hostnamectl hostname Lepard localhost ~# reboot

固定IPアドレス設定

192.168.11.83に設定する場合
まずインターフェース名確認

Lepard ~# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host noprefixroute
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:af:d6:8a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    altname enp2s1
    inet 192.168.11.44/24 brd 192.168.11.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute ens33
       valid_lft 172774sec preferred_lft 151174sec
    inet6 fe80::c56f:768a:7b1:d6bb/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

Lepard ~# ip a

1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

inet6 ::1/128 scope host noprefixroute

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:af:d6:8a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

altname enp2s1

inet 192.168.11.44/24 brd 192.168.11.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute ens33

valid_lft 172774sec preferred_lft 151174sec

inet6 fe80::c56f:768a:7b1:d6bb/64 scope link

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

インターフェース名はens33であり、現状ではDHCPで192.168.11.44に割り当てられている

dhcpcd.confファイルを編集し、dhcpcdを再起動する

Lepard ~# vi /etc/dhcpcd.conf
static ip_address=192.168.11.83/24
static routers=192.168.11.1
static domain_name_servers=192.168.11.1

再起動
Lepard ~# systemctl restart dhcpcd

Lepard ~# vi /etc/dhcpcd.conf

static ip_address=192.168.11.83/24

static routers=192.168.11.1

static domain_name_servers=192.168.11.1

再起動

Lepard ~# systemctl restart dhcpcd

Apache 　MySQL 　PHP　PhpMyAdminについては前ページ参照

ページのトップへ