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	<title>Debian12.8_en | Linux Server Construction</title>
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	<link>https://korodes.com</link>
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	<lastBuildDate>Sat, 09 Aug 2025 07:27:50 +0000</lastBuildDate>
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	<title>Debian12.8_en | Linux Server Construction</title>
	<link>https://korodes.com</link>
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	<item>
		<title>Debian12.8 : System Backup &#038; Restore</title>
		<link>https://korodes.com/en/debian12-8_en_12/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[nuy]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 24 Nov 2024 02:27:26 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Debian12.8_en]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://korodes.com/?p=28875</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[1. System Backup
1.1 Backup under /var/www/html

①　Create backup_all.sh script under /opt/script
1.2 MariaDB database backup

①Create db_backup.sh script under /opt/script

# vi /opt/script/db_backup.sh

db_backup.sh script contents
2. System Restore
2.1 Restore backup files under HTML

① Store HTML backup files used for backup in the "/ (root)" directory
Select the backup file with the latest timestamp (e.g. www_back_20220501.tar.gz)
2.2 Restore MariaDB database

①Save DB backup file to any directory and extract data

# cd /var/www/backup/db_bak]]></description>
		
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>Debian12.8 : Nagios Server , Tripwire Install</title>
		<link>https://korodes.com/en/debian12-8_en_10/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[nuy]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 22 Nov 2024 04:56:17 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Debian12.8_en]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://korodes.com/?p=28855</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Open source integrated monitoring software "Nagios Server" installed

Nagios is an open source monitoring solution running on Linux.
Nagios is designed to periodically check critical network, application, or server parameters.
These parameters include microprocessor load, number of running processes, log files, disk and memory usage, as well as many other services such as SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol), HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol), POP3 (Post Office Protocol 3), etc. can be checked.

These parameters require a microprocessor load, a database such as PHP or MySQL to run Nagois, and a web server such as Apache or Nginx. We will proceed under the assumption that all of these have already been configured]]></description>
		
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>Debian12.8 : FTP Server , NTP Server</title>
		<link>https://korodes.com/en/debian12-8_en_04/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[nuy]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 16 Nov 2024 01:47:54 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Debian12.8_en]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://korodes.com/?p=28794</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[1. Install a time synchronization service NTP server
# apt -y install chrony
# vi /etc/chrony/chrony.conf
# Lines 20-23.：Comment the default settings and add the NTP server for your time zone.
#pool ntp.ubuntu.com     iburst maxsources 4
#pool 0.ubuntu.pool.ntp.org iburst maxsources 1
#pool 1.ubuntu.pool.ntp.org iburst maxsources 1
#pool 2.ubuntu.pool.ntp.org iburst maxsources 2]]></description>
		
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>Debian12.8 : OS installation and initial configuration</title>
		<link>https://korodes.com/en/debian12-8_en_01/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[nuy]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 14 Nov 2024 02:33:38 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Debian12.8_en]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://korodes.com/?p=28775</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[1.Debian12

In this article, we will explain how to build a server with Debian, the basis of the user-friendly Linux distribution UBUNTU. The latest is Debian 12 (codenamed “bookworm”) (released on June 10, 2023), a point-release version of Debian 12.8 (released on November 9, 2024) with bug fixes and security updates.
See below for Miscellaneous Bugfixes and Security Updates.
https://www.debian.org/News/2024/20241109]]></description>
		
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>Debian12.8 : SSH , UFW(Firewall)Setting</title>
		<link>https://korodes.com/en/debian12-8_en_02/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[nuy]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 14 Nov 2024 23:40:35 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Debian12.8_en]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://korodes.com/?p=28780</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[1. SSH Service Security Settings

The SSH service allows the root user to log in by default, and since the root user already knows the user name and can log in to the server with administrative privileges once the password is known, we will deny this setting.

1.1 Creating a General User

f you have created a general user when installing Debian, this procedure is not necessary.
If the only user created on the server is root, remote login via SSH will not be possible, so if a user has not been created during OS installation, a user must be created in advance.

Users can be created with the "useradd" command. The "-m" option creates a home directory and the "-p" option specifies the password.
For example, to set "debianuser" as the user account name and "123456" as the password, execute the following
2. Firewall Settings

Since Debian often uses software called "ufw" to configure firewalls, we will configure firewall settings using ufw.
Since ufw is not installed when the OS is installed, the ufw package must be installed prior to configuration. The following is a procedure to configure minimal filter settings after installation.
Filter rules to be set in ufw
• All packets forwarded to the server are rejected
• All packets sent from the server to the outside are allowed
• The first port to allow is the port for SSH
• Limit packets coming into the server]]></description>
		
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>Debian12.8 : SSH connection using public key cryptography</title>
		<link>https://korodes.com/en/debian12-8_en_03/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[nuy]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 14 Nov 2024 23:52:45 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Debian12.8_en]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://korodes.com/?p=28785</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Create a key pair

Create a public/private key pair for a user connecting to a Linux server using OpenSSH.
Use ssh-keygen to create the key pair.
The creation of a public/private key pair must be done as a user with remote login privileges.

If you do not specify the destination and file name, id_ed25519 and id_ed25519.pub will be created in /home/(user name)/.ssh/. On the way, enter the password for the key.]]></description>
		
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>Debian12.8 : WEB Server(Apache) , Digest authentication</title>
		<link>https://korodes.com/en/debian12-8_en_05/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[nuy]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 17 Nov 2024 01:39:52 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Debian12.8_en]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://korodes.com/?p=28800</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Web server Apache2 installation

Allow http:80 and https:443 ports in UFW before installation
3.  Apache2; Using Perl Scripts

Enable CGI to make Perl scripts available
①Install Perl
4 Apache2 : Using PHP Scripts

①Install PHP
5. Virtual Host Settings

Copy the default configuration file (file name is arbitrary, in this case vhost-yourdomain.conf as an example) and configure the virtual host
6. Digest authentication with Apache2

Since Basic Authentication, a well-known authentication authorization method for http, sends authentication information in plain text, there is a risk of ID and password leakage if the packet is intercepted.
On the other hand, Digest Authentication encrypts and transmits authentication information, so there is almost no risk of information leakage.]]></description>
		
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>Debian12.8 : Anti-virus(Clamav)　、Mail Server</title>
		<link>https://korodes.com/en/debian12-8_en_06/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[nuy]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 17 Nov 2024 03:02:23 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Debian12.8_en]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://korodes.com/?p=28805</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[1.Antivirus software Clamav installed

Install Clam AntiVirus, a free anti-virus software for Linux, as an anti-virus measure.
By installing this anti-virus software, you can not only scan the entire server for viruses, but also scan incoming and outgoing mail for viruses if you build and configure a mail server.
2. Mail server installation

Postfix was developed as a Mail Transport Agent (MTA) to replace sendmail, and is a mail server that is highly compatible with sendmail, secure, easy to maintain, and fast.
In addition, since Postfix only functions as an SMTP server for sending mail, the POP server Dovecot for receiving mail will be installed separately in the latter half.
3 Applied ClamAV to mail server Postfix

Set up Postfix and Clamav to work together to scan incoming and outgoing mail in real time.
4 Apply spam checks to the mail server

4.1 Spam checking using spamassassin and procmail

①spamassassin and procmail installation]]></description>
		
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>Debian12.8 : Let&#039;s Encrypt, WEB/Mail Server SSL</title>
		<link>https://korodes.com/en/debian12-8_en_07/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[nuy]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 18 Nov 2024 02:54:55 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Debian12.8_en]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://korodes.com/?p=28815</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[1. Obtain a certificate(Let's Encrypt)

1.1 advance preparation

1.Enable mod_ssl

# a2enmod ssl

2.Package management system Snappy installed
Let's Encrypt's SSL certificate issuing tool "certbot" is recommended to be installed using "snap" after 2021, so install Snapd first.
2. SSL/TLS (Let's Encrypt) configuration for Apache2

①Edit Apache2 SSL-related configuration files

hoge.com-ssl in hoge.com-ssl.conf is an arbitrary name
3. SSL/TLS (Let's Encrypt) settings on the mail server

3.1 Obtaining a certificate for the mail server

Obtain a certificate for the mail server, but it cannot be obtained in the same way as above, so the following with the "--standalone" option fails.]]></description>
		
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>Debian12.8 : MariaDB , WordPress Install</title>
		<link>https://korodes.com/en/debian12-8_en_08/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[nuy]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 18 Nov 2024 07:15:47 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Debian12.8_en]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://korodes.com/?p=28825</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[1. MariaDB

1.1 Install

# apt install mariadb-server

MariaDB version confirmation

# mariadb -V
mariadb  Ver 15.1 Distrib 10.11.6-MariaDB, for debian-linux-gnu (x86_64) using  EditLine wrapper

1.2 MariaDB Server Security Settings

MariaDB comes with a default security script, mariadb-secure-installation, which can be used to improve the security of your MariaDB installation, including

Set a password for the root account (if necessary).
Disable remote root login to the database.
Delete anonymous user accounts.
Delete the test database to which anonymous users have access by default.
2.WordPress

2.1 Database Creation

Create a database for Word Press (for example, in this case, the database name is "wp_db", the user name is "wp_user", and the password is "?Y123456y")]]></description>
		
		
		
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